ScienceDaily

 

How statins could be more effective in treatment of ovarian cancer

Jul 14 2017

Statins may be used as a potentially effective treatment against ovarian cancer, suggests evidence from a new study.

The last survivors on Earth may well be the tardigrade

Jul 14 2017

The world's most indestructible species, the tardigrade, an eight-legged micro-animal, also known as the water bear, will survive until the sun dies, according to a new study.

Synchrotron light used to show human domestication of seeds from 2000 BC

Jul 14 2017

For the first time, scientists have documented the rate of evolution of seed coat thinning, a major marker of crop domestication, from archaeological remains.

Coupling a nano-trumpet with a quantum dot enables precise position determination

Jul 14 2017

Scientists have succeeded in coupling an extremely small quantum dot with 1,000 times larger trumpet-shaped nanowire. The movement of the nanowire can be detected with a sensitivity of 100 femtometers via the wavelength of the light emitted by the quantum dot. Conversely, the oscillation of the nanowire can be influenced by excitation of the quantum dot with a laser.

Endangered Cuban crocodiles come home

Jul 13 2017

Conservationists have released 10 Cuban crocodiles (Crocodylus rhombifer) into Cuba’s Zapata Swamp as part of an ongoing recovery strategy for this Critically Endangered species.

Cancer cells force normal cells to mimic viruses to help tumors spread, resist treatment

Jul 13 2017

In a study that could explain why some breast cancers are more aggressive than others, researchers say they now understand how cancer cells force normal cells to act like viruses – allowing tumors to grow, resist treatment, and spread. The virus mimic is detected in the blood of cancer patients, particularly in cases of an aggressive type known as triple-negative breast cancer. Researchers say cracking the code of how this process works opens up the possibility of targeting this mechanism for treatment.

Complex gas motion in the centre of the Milky Way

Jul 13 2017

Our solar system is located in the outer regions of the Milky Way, a disk-shaped galaxy with an approximate diameter of 100,000 light years. From Earth, its appearance can only be observed indirectly, by measuring positions and movements of stars and gas clouds. In addition to luminous stars, a substantial portion of the visible matter in our Milky Way is interstellar gas. Gas clouds in the so-called central molecular zone (CMZ) -- the innermost 1,500 light years of the Milky Way -- move on an elliptical central disk that has two spiral arms.

MMA fighters, boxers may have signs of long-term brain injury in blood

Jul 13 2017

Boxers and mixed martial arts fighters may have markers of long-term brain injury in their blood, according to a study.

Tracking leishmaniasis in dogs, wild animals and sand flies in Brazil

Jul 13 2017

Researchers have surveyed the environmentally protected area in Campinas, Southeastern Brazil, which has undergone several changes by human action, especially the implementation of condominiums, and revealed that more than one percent of dogs, as well as some opossums and insect species in the area carry the parasite responsible for the most dangerous form of leishmaniasis.

Bacterium actively drives colorectal cancer tumor cell growth

Jul 13 2017

A subspecies of the bacterium Streptococcus gallolyticus appears to actively promote the development of colorectal cancer, according to new research.

Mapping behavior in the fruit fly brain

Jul 13 2017

One of the primary missions of neuroscience is to make connections between particular neurons in the brain and specific behaviors. Now a team of researchers has used computer-vision and machine-learning techniques in fruit flies to create behavior anatomy maps that will help us understand how specific brain circuits generate Drosophila aggression, wing extension, or grooming.

Artificial intelligence helps build brain atlas of fly behavior

Jul 13 2017

Scientists have created comprehensive brain maps linking different groups of neurons to specific behaviors, using a machine-learning program that annotated more than 225 days of videos of flies -- a feat that would have taken humans some 3,800 years.

Vaccines protect fetuses from Zika infection, mouse study shows

Jul 13 2017

Zika virus can cause severe brain damage in people infected before birth. A new study in mice shows that females vaccinated before pregnancy and infected with Zika virus while pregnant bear pups who show no trace of the virus. The findings offer the first evidence that an effective vaccine administered prior to pregnancy can protect vulnerable fetuses from Zika infection and resulting injury.

Feedback from thousands of designs could transform protein engineering

Jul 13 2017

A large-scale study to test the actual stability of computationally designed proteins shows a way to take some of the guesswork out of protein engineering. Previously, scientists tested only a few tens of proteins, due to prohibitive costs of DNA. This new approach, which incorporates advances in DNA synthesis technology, efficiently checks thousands of mini-protein designs. The hope is that in the future a similar approach could test bigger, more complex, designed proteins.

New imaging technique able to watch molecular dynamics of neurodegenerative diseases

Jul 13 2017

A fast and practical molecular-scale imaging technique has been developed that could let scientists view never-before-seen dynamics of biological processes involved in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis.