Reducing greenhouse-gas emissions is not enough to limit global warming to a level that wouldn't risk young people's future, according to a new study by scientists who say we need negative emissions. Measures such as reforestation could accomplish much of the needed CO2 removal from the atmosphere, but continued high fossil fuel emissions would demand expensive technological solutions to extract CO2 and prevent dangerous warming.

The survival of the cell is -- apart from other important aspects -- a question of timing. Scientists have now identified the different parts of this mechanism and introduced a model of the process.

The overall burden of the US obesity epidemic continues to require new thinking, argues an expert in a new report.

Recent advances in reducing hospital readmission rates for three key medical conditions occurred without causing an increase in death rates, according to a new study.

Researchers have found an unprecedented defense mechanism by which bacteria defend themselves against invading viruses. When the bacterial immune system gets overwhelmed, the CRISPR-Cas system produces a chemical signal that activates a second enzyme which helps in degrading the invaders' genetic material. This process is very similar to an antiviral mechanism of the human innate immune system.

Male and female live-bearing fish evolve differently: female evolution is influenced more strongly by natural selection, while male evolution is influenced more strongly by sexual selection, according to new research.

A colossal impact with a large asteroid early in Mars' history may have ripped off a chunk of the northern hemisphere and left behind a legacy of metallic elements in the planet's interior. The crash also created a ring of rocky debris around Mars that may have later clumped together to form its moons, Phobos and Deimos.

Researchers have demonstrated how a non-toxic alternative to lead could form the basis of next-generation solar cells.

By fusing visible hyperspectral imaging with X-ray fluorescence, researchers have safely revealed Roman law code hidden inside of a 16th century bookbinding.

Exposure to environmental pollutants during pregnancy may increase the risk of asthma for as many as three consecutive generations, according to new research.

Bacteria or 'superbugs' that have adapted to resist multiple antibiotics are responsible for around 700,000 deaths globally a year; new types of antibiotics are urgently needed.

Scientists have shown that the enzymatic activity of PTPRZ is requisite for the maintenance of stem cell properties and tumorigenicity in glioblastoma cells.

New research aims to help solve the problem of dose optimization of children's medicines.

Scientists have developed a concept called Empowerment to help robots to protect and serve humans, while keeping themselves safe. Rather than trying to make a machine understand complex ethical questions, the concept is based on robots always seeking to keep their options open, and doing the same for the humans around them.

A review of the literature shows that the effects of heavy drinking among young people on the brain are serious -- binge drinking among young people is associated with a thinning or reduction of areas of the brain that play a key role in memory, attention, language, awareness and consciousness, which include cortical and subcortical structures.